Mediation Terms and Definitions

Co-mediation Mediation process in which there are two mediators who simultaneously or jointly conduct the process. Used in cases where mediators with different areas of expertise would be useful, when there are multiple parties involved, and/or to model cooperation and gender/ethnicity balance. Third Party (Neutral) A term used to describe an impartial person, group, or organization that assists disputing parties in reaching a resolution. Mediators, arbitrators, facilitators, and conciliators are all considered third party neutrals. Conflict A broad term regarding an interaction between people with differing interests which are perceived as incompatible. Derived from the Latin conflictus, meaning "to strike together." Conflict is often inevitable, but constructive outcomes from conflict are frequently possible. Fact-finding Usually used in relation to negotiation, mediation, or arbitration of complex disputes. This is a process by which facts relevant to a dispute are determined. These can be ascertained by a neutral fact-finder, a joint fact-finding effort involving the cooperation of disputing parties, reliance upon the data of independent sources, or a mixture of these. Negotiation Process where parties directly exchange ideas, views, promises, and problems surrounding a dispute. Positional bargaining tends to focus on demands, and counter-demands of disputing parties, sometimes leading to a bargaining process where parties trade concessions and demands. Ombudsman, Ombuds, Ombudsperson A third party neutral that researches complaints and suggests or implements solutions on behalf of a recognized authority. Most often on behalf of a single organization. Policy Dialogue Informal discussion of public policy issues incorporating many different interested parties. This process usually clarifies key issues, and increases understanding between groups that are often publicly opposed to one another Mediation-Arbitration (Med-Arb) A hybrid of mediation and arbitration (see definitions) that relies on a neutral who functions both as a mediator and an arbitrator. Dispute Resolution (DR) A studied approach or procedural framework that analyzes the means by which disputes are handled within an organization. Reconciliation Though not a formalized term, it describes steps taken to heal or improve relationships that have been damaged by a conflict.

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	Did You Know?
	Mediation is a process that involves a mediator Neutral third party who helps the disputing parties achieve a resolution that satisfies both of them. The mediator's primary function is to create constructive communication between parties and provide a forum where disputants can create a mutually satisfactory agreement. Mediators do not impose decisions; instead, they help people craft solutions that will work for them.